Helicobacter Pylori Infection and its Associated Factors Among Adult Clients Attending out-Patient Department in Shashemene Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Shashemene Town, Southern Ethiopia

Abstract

Abstract

Background: Helicobacter pylori infection is a major public health problem with 50% of the global population infected. Millions of people develop the peptic ulcerative disease in their lifetime and many may progress into gastric cancer. It is endemic to developing countries, including Ethiopia.

Objective: To assess the prevalence of H. pylori infection & its associated factors among dyspeptic & non-dyspeptic

adult Clients.

Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional institutional study involving 423 adult clients attending OPD at Shashemene Comprehensive Hospital was conducted from March 3 to April 15, 2021. Data for risk factors were assessed through a structured questionnaire. About 50 mg fresh stool and 1ml of total venous whole blood sample were taken for H. pylori antigen using Wondfo feces test kit & blood, respectively. Data were analyzed by SPSS of version 22. Both bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were carried out to identify the significant variable with a cut-off p-value of less than 0.05.

Results: A total of 423 participants were interviewed giving a response rate of 100%. The mean (± SD) age of respondents was 35.6 (± 10.75) years. The magnitude of H. Pylori infection among participants was 26.7% with 95%CI (22.9, 31.2). Participants who had no formal education (AOR=3.25, CI 95% =1.49-7.04), alcohol consumption (AOR=4.54, CI 95%= 2.41-8.52), family size with ≥6 siblings (AOR= 6.14, CI 95% = 3.21-11.74), dyspepsia (AOR=2.34, CI 95% =1.18-4.61), uncooked food consumption (AOR=2.89, CI 95% =1.24-6.76), and highly perceived stress level participant (AOR= 8.87, CI 95% = 3.95-9.93) were significantly associated with H. Pylori infection

Conclusion: The overall prevalence is high in the study area, where one in four patients were being infected. The study showed significant association of different factors mentioned in results, The results also indicated that the bacterium is common in healthy individuals and is still a public health concern that needs further investigation by future researchers.