Puerperal Sepsis In Women: Frequency And Risk Factors: An Experience At Tertiary Level Hospital

Abstract

Background: Puerperal sepsis remains a significant contributor to maternal morbidity and mortality, particularly in low-resource settings. Despite advancements in maternal care, factors such as inadequate prenatal care, anemia, prolonged labor, and cesarean deliveries increase susceptibility. This study explores the frequency and risk factors of puerperal sepsis in a tertiary care hospital, highlighting critical areas for intervention to improve maternal health outcomes.

Objective:  To assess the frequency and risk factors of puerperal sepsis.

Material and Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted at department of gynecology, Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar from January 2023 to February 2024, on 157 patients who delivered within 42 days. We determined the frequency and risk factors of puerperal sepsis. We did not include patients with malaria, dengue fever of typhoid. Chi Square test was used for assessing association.

Results: The mean age of participants was 29.36±6.38 years, with a puerperal sepsis frequency of (9.6%). Significant risk factors included cesarean delivery 9 (60%), bacterial infection 14 (93.3%), anemia 13 (86.7%), postpartum hemorrhage 12 (80%), prolonged labor 8(53.3%), booked status 11 (73.3%), and rural residence 12 (80%), all showing notable associations (p < 0.05).

Conclusion: The study highlights that puerperal sepsis remains a significant concern, influenced by modifiable risk factors such as anemia, uncooked status, and rural residence. Strengthening antenatal care, improving postpartum monitoring, and addressing systemic gaps in maternal healthcare can reduce its burden and improve outcomes.