Role Of Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology In Differentiation and Management of Solitary Thyroid Nodule.

Abstract

Background: Solitary thyroid nodule, 4% of adult population, is common finding in patients. This needs close attention to differentiate between cyst , benign or malignant neoplasm.

Objective:  To see the cytological differentiation of different solitary thyroid nodule and to manage simple thyroid cyst  by aspiration of the cyst fluid.

Materials and Methods In this Descriptive study, which was carried out in Pathology department, Khalifa Gul Nawaz Teaching Hospital Bannu.KPK, Pakistan from January, 2014 to December, 2019  Total of 58 STN were aspirated. Aspiration obtained using aseptic technique and slides prepared, stained, mounted, labeled and reported by Pathologist. The data was analyzed by using a Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20 for frequencies with percentages and mean with standard deviation..

Results In this study the mean age was 34.4±11.7 years and the age range was from 15 to 70 years. The most common age group was 36-45 years followed by 46-55 years. .Male to female ratio was 2:1.5. The most common lesion was simple cyst 36(62.06%), followed by follicular lesions 18(31.03%), papillary carcinoma 03(5.17%) and anaplastic carcinoma 01(1.72%). It was simple serous cyst which had low frequency of reappearance 21.73% followed by simple hemorrhagic cyst 40% and colloid cyst 66.6% after six month follow up.

Conclusion: Simple cyst was the commonest lesion followed by follicular lesion. Aspiration can be considered as first line procedure for diagnosis and treatment of solitary thyroid cyst as most of these disappeared for six months after complete aspiration.